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Nginx用作反向代理服务器

  Nginx ("engine x") 是一个高性能的 HTTP 和反向代理服务器,也是一个 IMAP/POP3/SMTP 代理服务器。 Nginx 是由 Igor Sysoev 为俄罗斯访问量第二的 Rambler.ru 站点开发的,它已经在该站点运行超过三年了。Igor 将源代码以类BSD许可证的形式发布。Nginx 超越 Apache 的高性能和稳定性,使得国内使用 Nginx 作为 Web 服务器的网站也越来越多,大部分门户网站都把它作为首选WEB前端。

      下面讲讲如何利用Nginx的反向代理功能做一台反向代理服务器。

      一、安装步骤:

           (系统要求:Linux 2.6+ 内核,本文中的Linux操作系统为RedHat AS4为例)

         1、获取相关源程序

             wget ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre/pcre-8.01.tar.gz

             wget http://sysoev.ru/nginx/nginx-0.8.36.tar.gz

         2、创建相关目录和用户

             /usr/sbin/groupadd apache
            /usr/sbin/useradd -g apache apache

            /usr/sbin/usermod -s /sbin/nologin apache

            chage -I -1 -M 99999 apache

            mkdir -p /data/mp3 
            chmod +w /data/mp3

            chown -R apache:apache /data/mp3

         3、安装Nginx所需的pcre库

            tar zxvf pcre-8.01.tar.gz
     cd pcre-8.01/
    ./configure
            make && make install
            cd ../

         4、安装Nginx

           tar zxvf nginx-0.8.36.tar.gz
    cd nginx-0.8.36/
    ./configure --user=apache --group=apache --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module
    make && make install
    cd ../

         5、创建Nginx配置文件

            rm -f /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
            vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf 

            输入以下内容:

           user  apache apache;
           worker_processes  8;

           error_log  /dev/null  crit;
           pid logs/nginx.pid;

           events {
                        use epoll;
                        worker_connections  512000;
                     }

           http {
                   include       mime.types;
                   default_type  application/octet-stream;

                   log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                   '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                   '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

                   access_log  /var/log/nginx_mp3.log  main;

                   sendfile       on;
                   tcp_nopush     on;
                   tcp_nodelay    on;

                   keepalive_timeout  650;
                   server {
                             listen       80;
                             server_name  xxx.xxx.xxx;   #前端域名或IP
                             location ~ .*\.(mp3|mid|amr)$
                            {
                                  expires 15d;
                                  root /data/mp3;
                                  proxy_store on;
                                  proxy_store_access user:rw group:rw all:rw;
                                  proxy_temp_path /data/mp3;
                                  proxy_redirect          off;
                                  proxy_set_header        Host xxx.xxx.xxx ; #访问域名或ip
                                  proxy_set_header        X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
                                  proxy_set_header        X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
                                  client_max_body_size    10m;
                                  client_body_buffer_size 1280k;
                                  proxy_connect_timeout   900;
                                  proxy_send_timeout      900;
                                  proxy_read_timeout      900;
                                  proxy_buffer_size       40k;
                                  proxy_buffers           40 320k;
                                  proxy_busy_buffers_size 640k;
                                  proxy_temp_file_write_size 640k;
                                  if ( !-e $request_filename)
                                 {
                                         proxy_pass  http://xxx.xxx.xxx.xx/; #后端服务器ip地址
                                 }
                            }
                       }
                  }
        6、启动Nginx

            ulimit -SHn 51200

            /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t    #测试配置脚本是否正确

           /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx


      二、优化Linux内核参数

          vi /etc/sysctl.conf

          在末尾增加以下内容:  

    # Add
    net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 65536
    net.core.netdev_max_backlog =  32768
    net.core.somaxconn = 32768

    net.core.wmem_default = 8388608
    net.core.rmem_default = 8388608
    net.core.rmem_max = 16777216
    net.core.wmem_max = 16777216

    net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0
    net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 2
    net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries = 2

    net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1
    net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1

    net.ipv4.tcp_mem = 94500000 915000000 927000000
    net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 3276800

    net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024  65535
    net.ipv4.ip_conntrack_max = 6553600
    net.ipv4.netfilter.ip_conntrack_tcp_timeout_established = 180
    net.ipv4.tcp_window_scaling = 1

      

           使配置立即生效:

 

           /sbin/sysctl -p

 

      三、配置开机自动启动Nginx

          vi /etc/rc.local

          在末尾增加以下内容:

          ulimit -SHn 51200
          /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

      

      另外根据需要还需设置IP地址、开放访问端口、以及访问日志的定时切割等。(全文完)     

 

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